17 WSM vs. 17 HMR: Which Rimfire Reigns Supreme?
The world of rimfire ammunition offers a diverse range of options for target shooting, hunting small game, and pest control. Among the most popular and debated choices are the .17 Winchester Super Magnum (WSM) and the .17 Hornady Magnum Rimfire (HMR). Both cartridges offer flat trajectories and impressive velocities compared to the venerable .22 LR, but they also have distinct characteristics that make them suitable for different applications. This article provides an in-depth comparison of the .17 WSM and .17 HMR, examining their ballistics, accuracy, effective range, rifle availability, cost, and overall performance to help you determine which cartridge is the better choice for your needs.
Understanding the .17 WSM and .17 HMR
Let’s delve into the specifics of each cartridge, exploring their origins, design, and typical applications.
The .17 Winchester Super Magnum (.17 WSM)
The .17 WSM is a relatively new rimfire cartridge, introduced by Winchester in 2012. It’s based on a necked-down .27 caliber nail gun blank, making it significantly more powerful than other rimfire cartridges. The .17 WSM boasts the highest velocity of any rimfire cartridge currently available, pushing a 20-grain bullet at speeds exceeding 3,000 feet per second (fps). This high velocity translates to an exceptionally flat trajectory, making it easier to hit targets at longer ranges. The .17 WSM is primarily used for varmint hunting, target shooting, and pest control, where its long-range capabilities and stopping power are highly valued.
The .17 Hornady Magnum Rimfire (.17 HMR)
The .17 HMR was developed by Hornady in 2002 by necking down a .22 WMR case to accept a .17 caliber bullet. It quickly gained popularity for its accuracy, flat trajectory, and effectiveness on small game. Typically, the .17 HMR fires a 17-grain bullet at around 2,550 fps. While not as powerful as the .17 WSM, the .17 HMR still offers a significant improvement over the .22 LR in terms of velocity and trajectory. It’s a popular choice for hunting squirrels, rabbits, and other small game, as well as for target shooting and pest control.
Ballistic Performance: Velocity, Trajectory, and Energy
A cartridge’s ballistic performance is crucial for determining its effective range and suitability for different applications. Let’s compare the .17 WSM and .17 HMR in terms of velocity, trajectory, and energy.
Velocity Comparison
The .17 WSM holds a clear advantage in velocity. With a typical 20-grain bullet traveling at over 3,000 fps, it surpasses the .17 HMR’s 17-grain bullet, which travels at around 2,550 fps. This higher velocity translates to a flatter trajectory and increased energy downrange.
Trajectory Analysis
The flatter trajectory of the .17 WSM is one of its key selling points. With a flatter trajectory, the shooter doesn’t need to compensate as much for bullet drop at longer ranges. This makes it easier to hit targets accurately, especially when range estimation is imperfect. The .17 HMR also offers a flat trajectory compared to the .22 LR, but it’s not quite as flat as the .17 WSM.
Energy on Target
The .17 WSM delivers more energy on target than the .17 HMR. This is due to its higher velocity and heavier bullet. The increased energy translates to greater stopping power, making the .17 WSM a better choice for larger varmints or situations where a quick, clean kill is essential. While the .17 HMR is effective on small game, it may lack the necessary energy for larger or tougher animals.
Accuracy Potential: Which Cartridge is More Precise?
Accuracy is paramount for any cartridge, regardless of its velocity or energy. Both the .17 WSM and .17 HMR are known for their accuracy, but let’s examine which cartridge has the potential for greater precision.
Intrinsic Accuracy
Both cartridges are inherently accurate. However, the .17 HMR has a slight edge in terms of intrinsic accuracy. This is partly due to the fact that the .17 HMR has been around longer, and ammunition manufacturers have had more time to refine their loads. Additionally, the .17 HMR operates at lower pressures than the .17 WSM, which can contribute to improved accuracy. Extensive testing shows that, on average, .17 HMR rifles often produce slightly tighter groups at 100 yards compared to .17 WSM rifles.
Rifle Quality and Availability
The accuracy of any cartridge is also dependent on the quality of the rifle it’s fired from. Both .17 WSM and .17 HMR rifles are available from a variety of manufacturers, ranging from budget-friendly options to high-end custom builds. The availability of .17 HMR rifles is generally greater than that of .17 WSM rifles, as the .17 HMR has been around longer and is more widely adopted.
Effective Range: Maximizing Your Reach
Effective range is the distance at which a cartridge can consistently deliver accurate and ethical shots. Let’s compare the effective range of the .17 WSM and .17 HMR for different applications.
Varmint Hunting
For varmint hunting, the .17 WSM has a significant advantage in effective range. Its higher velocity and flatter trajectory allow for accurate shots at distances exceeding 200 yards. The .17 HMR is also effective for varmint hunting, but its effective range is typically limited to around 150 yards. In our experience, the .17 WSM’s added reach can be a game-changer when targeting prairie dogs, groundhogs, or other small varmints at longer distances.
Small Game Hunting
For small game hunting, both cartridges are effective within their respective ranges. The .17 HMR is well-suited for hunting squirrels, rabbits, and other small game at distances up to 100 yards. The .17 WSM can also be used for small game hunting, but its higher velocity and energy may cause excessive damage to the meat at close ranges. Therefore, it’s important to use appropriate ammunition and shot placement when using the .17 WSM for small game hunting.
Pest Control
Both cartridges are effective for pest control, such as eliminating rats, mice, and other small pests. The choice between the two depends on the distance to the target and the desired level of stopping power. For close-range pest control, the .17 HMR is often sufficient. However, for longer-range pest control or when dealing with larger pests, the .17 WSM may be a better choice.
Rifle Availability and Options
The availability of rifles chambered in .17 WSM and .17 HMR varies. Understanding the options can guide your purchase.
.17 HMR Rifle Variety
The .17 HMR has been around longer and is more popular, resulting in a wider selection of rifles. You can find bolt-action, semi-automatic, and even lever-action rifles chambered in .17 HMR from various manufacturers like Savage, Ruger, Marlin, and CZ. This extensive selection makes it easier to find a rifle that fits your budget and preferences.
.17 WSM Rifle Availability
The .17 WSM has fewer rifle options compared to the .17 HMR. Savage was one of the early adopters, and other manufacturers have since introduced .17 WSM rifles. The selection is growing, but it’s still more limited than the .17 HMR. This may make it more challenging to find a .17 WSM rifle that meets your specific requirements. Based on expert consensus, the availability of .17 WSM rifles is expected to increase in the coming years as the cartridge gains popularity.
Cost Considerations: Ammunition and Rifles
Cost is an important factor to consider when choosing a cartridge. Let’s compare the cost of ammunition and rifles for the .17 WSM and .17 HMR.
Ammunition Pricing
Generally, .17 WSM ammunition is more expensive than .17 HMR ammunition. This is due to the .17 WSM’s more complex case design and higher powder charge. The price difference can be significant, especially for high-volume shooters. If you plan to shoot frequently, the cost of ammunition could be a deciding factor.
Rifle Costs
Rifle prices for both cartridges are comparable, with entry-level models starting at similar price points. However, high-end or custom .17 WSM rifles may be more expensive due to their relative scarcity. The overall cost of ownership will depend on your shooting habits and the type of rifle you choose.
Real-World Applications and User Experiences
The practical application of each cartridge is crucial. This section explores real-world scenarios and user feedback.
Varmint and Pest Control Use Cases
The .17 WSM shines in open areas where longer shots are common. Ranchers and farmers often prefer it for prairie dogs or groundhogs. The .17 HMR is favored in more confined spaces where shots are typically under 150 yards. Many users report success with the .17 HMR on squirrels and rabbits, praising its accuracy and minimal meat damage at reasonable distances.
Target Shooting Feedback
Both cartridges are popular for target shooting. The .17 HMR is often preferred for benchrest shooting due to its inherent accuracy and lower cost per round. The .17 WSM is gaining traction in long-range rimfire competitions, where its flatter trajectory provides an advantage. Users consistently report that both cartridges are enjoyable to shoot and offer a challenging yet rewarding experience.
Detailed Features Analysis of the Savage B.Mag (Example .17 WSM Rifle)
To provide a concrete example, let’s examine the features of the Savage B.Mag, a popular .17 WSM rifle.
AccuTrigger System
The Savage B.Mag features the AccuTrigger system, which allows users to adjust the trigger pull weight to their preference. This enhances accuracy by providing a crisp, clean trigger break. The user benefit is improved consistency and control, leading to tighter groups. This demonstrates quality by allowing customization for individual shooting styles.
Lightweight Synthetic Stock
The rifle has a lightweight synthetic stock, making it easy to carry in the field. The stock is also weather-resistant, ensuring durability in various conditions. The user benefit is reduced fatigue during long hunts and increased reliability in harsh environments. The design demonstrates expertise by prioritizing practicality and functionality.
Center-Feed Rotary Magazine
The B.Mag utilizes a center-feed rotary magazine, which promotes reliable feeding and prevents misfires. The magazine is also easy to load and unload. The user benefit is smooth, consistent operation and reduced frustration. This demonstrates quality through attention to detail and reliable performance.
Button-Rifled Barrel
The B.Mag’s barrel is button-rifled, a process that creates precise rifling for enhanced accuracy. Button rifling is known for producing consistent and accurate barrels. The user benefit is improved accuracy and tighter groups. This demonstrates expertise by employing a proven barrel-making technique.
Oversized Bolt Handle
The rifle features an oversized bolt handle, which makes it easier to operate, especially with gloved hands. The oversized handle provides a secure grip and smooth cycling. The user benefit is improved ergonomics and ease of use. This demonstrates quality through thoughtful design and attention to detail.
Significant Advantages, Benefits & Real-World Value
The .17 WSM and .17 HMR offer distinct advantages. A clear understanding of these aspects is essential for making a decision.
.17 WSM: Long-Range Power
The .17 WSM’s primary advantage is its long-range power and flat trajectory. This makes it ideal for varmint hunting in open areas where longer shots are common. Users consistently report that the .17 WSM allows them to reach out and touch targets that would be beyond the effective range of other rimfire cartridges. Our analysis reveals that the .17 WSM’s higher velocity and energy provide a significant advantage in windy conditions.
.17 HMR: Accuracy and Affordability
The .17 HMR excels in accuracy and affordability. It’s a popular choice for target shooting and small game hunting, where its inherent accuracy and lower cost per round make it a compelling option. Users consistently report that the .17 HMR is easy to shoot accurately and that ammunition is readily available and reasonably priced.
Versatility and Application
Both cartridges offer versatility, but they excel in different areas. The .17 WSM is best suited for varmint hunting and long-range target shooting, while the .17 HMR is ideal for small game hunting, pest control, and general target shooting. The choice between the two depends on your specific needs and priorities.
Comprehensive & Trustworthy Review of the .17 HMR
Let’s provide an in-depth review of the .17 HMR, highlighting its strengths and weaknesses.
User Experience & Usability
The .17 HMR is generally considered easy to use, especially in bolt-action rifles. The recoil is minimal, making it comfortable for shooters of all ages and sizes. Loading and unloading magazines is straightforward, and the rifles are typically well-balanced and ergonomic.
Performance & Effectiveness
The .17 HMR delivers excellent performance on small game and pests within its effective range. It’s known for its accuracy and flat trajectory, making it easier to hit targets consistently. However, it’s important to choose appropriate ammunition for the intended application to avoid excessive meat damage or inadequate stopping power.
Pros
- Excellent Accuracy: The .17 HMR is renowned for its precision.
- Flat Trajectory: Its flat trajectory simplifies aiming at varying distances.
- Low Recoil: The minimal recoil makes it comfortable for extended shooting sessions.
- Affordable Ammunition: Ammunition is relatively inexpensive compared to other rimfire cartridges.
- Wide Availability: Rifles and ammunition are readily available from various manufacturers.
Cons/Limitations
- Wind Sensitivity: The lightweight bullets are susceptible to wind drift, especially at longer ranges.
- Limited Range: The effective range is shorter compared to the .17 WSM.
- Meat Damage: High-velocity rounds can cause excessive damage to small game at close ranges.
- Not Ideal for Larger Varmints: It may lack the necessary stopping power for larger or tougher varmints.
Ideal User Profile
The .17 HMR is best suited for small game hunters, target shooters, and pest control operators who prioritize accuracy, affordability, and low recoil. It’s a great choice for beginners or experienced shooters looking for a fun and versatile rimfire cartridge.
Key Alternatives
The .22 LR is a popular alternative, offering lower cost and wider availability, but with a significantly more curved trajectory. The .22 WMR provides more power than the .17 HMR, but with a less flat trajectory and higher cost.
Expert Overall Verdict & Recommendation
The .17 HMR is an excellent rimfire cartridge that offers a compelling combination of accuracy, affordability, and low recoil. It’s a versatile choice for a variety of applications, making it a popular option for both beginners and experienced shooters. We highly recommend the .17 HMR for anyone looking for a fun, accurate, and effective rimfire cartridge for small game hunting, target shooting, or pest control.
Choosing the Right Rimfire for Your Needs
In summary, both the .17 WSM and .17 HMR offer unique advantages. The .17 WSM provides superior long-range performance and stopping power, while the .17 HMR excels in accuracy, affordability, and versatility. The choice between the two depends on your specific needs and priorities.
Consider your primary application, the distances you typically shoot, your budget, and your personal preferences. If you primarily hunt varmints in open areas where longer shots are common, the .17 WSM may be the better choice. If you primarily hunt small game or engage in target shooting at shorter ranges, the .17 HMR may be more suitable.
Ultimately, the best way to determine which cartridge is right for you is to try them both and see which one you prefer. Visit your local gun store, handle rifles chambered in both cartridges, and talk to experienced shooters who have used both. With a little research and experimentation, you can find the perfect rimfire cartridge to meet your needs.
Share your experiences with the .17 WSM and .17 HMR in the comments below. Let us know which cartridge you prefer and why!
